Dunes

Dunes are wind-formed sand hills most commonly found along seacoasts or lake shores, where wind moves sand and gradually shapes these distinctive landforms. Their size and shape change over time depending on wind strength, direction, and the vegetation cover that holds the sand in place.

Dune vegetation is adapted to dry, nutrient-poor conditions. Pine trees, dune grasses, and low shrubs such as wild roses are commonly found there. The root systems of these plants help bind the sand and protect the dunes from erosion.

Dunes are an important part of coastal ecosystems — they act as a natural barrier against wind and waves and provide habitat for various plant and animal species. In many places, dunes are protected areas, as they are sensitive to human impact, such as excessive foot traffic or vehicle use.