Dolomite Outcrop of Dole Island

The Dolomite Outcrop of Dole Island (also known as the Dolesmuiža Outcrop) is a state-protected geological and geomorphological nature monument. Located in the Salaspils municipality within the "Dole Island" Nature Park, it stands on the steep bank of the Sausā Daugava (Dry Daugava) riverbed. It is the closest bedrock outcrop to the center of Riga and features the only exposed sequence of the Altova layers in the lower reaches of the Daugava River.

History

The outcrop consists of Upper Devonian sedimentary rocks of the Daugava formation, which began forming approximately 350 million years ago. Historically, before the flooding of the Riga Hydroelectric Power Plant reservoir in 1974, these steep banks were much more prominent. Seasonal spring floods continuously washed away debris and soil, naturally cleaning the cliff face. Until the construction of the dam, the site was actively used by timber rafters; historic mooring stakes are still visible along the shore. Since the main flow of the Daugava was diverted, the adjacent Sausā Daugava no longer clears the bank, causing the outcrop to gradually become covered with scree and vegetation. The site has been an officially protected nature monument since 1977.

Current Function

Today, the outcrop serves as an educational and tourism site managed by the Daugava Museum. For geologists and researchers, it offers critical insights into Devonian fauna and sedimentary layers. For the public, a staircase leads down the steep slope directly to the water's edge, allowing close-up views of the geological formations.

Interesting Facts

• Prehistoric Fossils: The dolomite layers contain distinct fossilized remains and imprints of ancient marine life from millions of years ago, including stromatoporoids (extinct sponge-like organisms), brachiopods, snails, and early aquatic plants.

• Calcite Crystals: The upper section of the outcrop features small cavities (vugs) lined with clusters of tiny, translucent, and slightly yellowish calcite crystals.

• The Walled-Up Tunnel: According to local lore, a secret passage once ran through the cliff up to the site of the historic Jaundole Castle, situated directly above. During archaeological excavations in the 1960s, this tunnel was walled up with dolomite blocks for safety reasons.

Practical Information

Because the outcrop is located within the enclosed park grounds of the Daugava Museum, access is subject to the museum's opening hours and admission fees.

• Address: Daugavas muzejs, Doles sala, Salaspils pagasts, Salaspils novads, LV-2121, Latvia.

• Website: www.daugavasmuzejs.lv

• Phone: +371 67216367

• E-mail: daugavas.muzejs@inbox.lv

• Opening Hours:

  • Mondays: Closed.

  • Tuesday – Thursday: 10:00 – 17:00

  • Friday – Sunday: 10:00 – 18:00 (Closes at 17:00 during the winter season)

• Accessibility: Due to the steep terrain and stairs, the base of the outcrop is not accessible for wheelchair users. The surrounding park grounds welcome visitors with dogs on a leash.